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As a checklist the following APA referencing guidelines
apply:
General
 | Type the reference list on a separate page, immediately
following the last page of the essay or research report. |
| Remember that you should include a manuscript page header
and page number in the top right hand corner of every page. Allow five spaces
between the manuscript page header and the page number. |
| The title "References" should be centred on the
top line of the page. |
| All reference entries should be double-line spaced, with
no spare line spaces in between each reference entry. |
| Only include works that you have cited in the text. |
| Check that all reference entries use the hanging indent
(i.e., the first line of the reference entry is flush left, and the subsequent
lines are indented five to seven spaces). |
| Check that the title of the publication in each reference
is italicised. |
| Arrange entries in alphabetical order by the surname of
the first author. |
| For entries with no author, arrange by order of the title
article. |
| For references by the same author with the same year of
publication, place lowercase letters – a, b, c, and so on - immediately after
the year, within the parentheses. |
Single Author
| One-author entries by the same author are arranged by year
of publication, the earliest first. |
| One-author entries precede multiple-author entries
beginning with the same surname. |
Two or More Authors
| References with the same first author and different second
or third authors are arranged alphabetically by the surname of the second
author, and so on. |
| References with the same authors in the same order are
arranged by year of publication, the earliest first. |
Books
| For references to an entire book, italicise the book
title. The first word of book title and subtitle, if any, should be capitalised.
The publishing details should include the city of publication, followed by a
colon, then the name of the publisher. |
| For chapters or articles within an edited book, capitalise
only the first word of the title and of the subtitle, if any, and any proper
names. Do not italicise the chapter title. Italicise the title of the book.
Unlike the format for the author’s name, the editors’ initials come before
their surnames. The abbreviation "Ed." or "Eds." is included
in parentheses after the editors’ surnames, and before the book title, with a
comma separating "(Eds.)" from the book title. The page numbers of the
chapter are listed in parentheses after the name of the book. The abbreviation
"pp." is used before the numerals. Provide publishing details at the
end. |
Journals
| For journal articles, capitalise only the first word on
the article title and of the subtitle, if any, and any proper names. Do not
italicise the title of the article. The journal name (written in Title Case) and
volume number should be italicised. Include a comma and space between the
journal name and volume number. In cases where the journal has continuous
pagination, include a comma after the volume number, and follow with the page
numbers. For journals with non-continuous pagination, do not include a comma
after the volume number. Rather, include the issue number of the journal in
parentheses immediately following the volume number. Place a comma after the
issue number and follow with the page numbers. The parentheses and issue number
should not be italicised. |
Newspapers and Magazines
| For newspaper and magazine articles, include the year,
month and day as part of the date of publication. Italicise the name of the
newspaper or magazine. Include a comma at the end of the newspaper or magazine
name, and follow with the page numbers. Note that for newspaper entries, you
include the letters "p." or "pp." before the page
number/s. For magazines, you do not include the letters "pp." before
the page numbers. |
Electronic Media
| For references to an on-line abstract, cite the specific
on-line database it came from, and include the date of retrieval and any other
information needed to retrieve this item. This might include a World Wide Web
address or an item number in a database. |
| For references that were obtained via an on-line database,
include a retrieval statement at the end of the reference. The retrieval
statement includes the date that you accessed the information (month, day and
year) and the name of the database. |
| Articles in an internet-only journal are referenced the
same way as a published journal, with the addition of the retrieval statement at
the end (i.e., web address). |
| Some articles published on-line are exact reproductions of
those in their print versions. If you viewed an article only in its electronic
form, you should add the words "Electronic version" in square brackets
after the title of the article. |
| Messages posted to on-line discussion groups and
newsgroups are referenced using a form similar to on-line journal articles, but
the subject line of the message is used as the article title (not italicised).
Also, include the words "Message posted to" before the URL address. |
| When information has been sourced from the World Wide Web,
you should include the same basic elements as used in referencing written
documents, and add a retrieval statement to the end. When no author is
identified, begin the reference with the title of the document. The retrieval
statement should outline the exact date of retrieval and give the address of the
Web site. |
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